Dim nodeDict As New Dictionary(Of String, TreeNode)
 
    ' TreeNode einfügen
    Private Function addNode(ByVal tnc As TreeNodeCollection, ByVal text As _
      String, ByVal dict As Dictionary(Of String, TreeNode)) As TreeNode
        Dim n As TreeNode = tnc.Add(text)
        dict.Add(n.FullPath, n)
        Return n
    End Function
 
    Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As _
      System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
 
        TreeView1.PathSeparator = "\"
        TreeView1.HideSelection = False
 
        Dim tn1, tn2, tn3 As TreeNode
 
        tn1 = addNode(TreeView1.Nodes, "node1a", nodeDict)
 
        tn2 = addNode(tn1.Nodes, "node1a2a", nodeDict)
        tn3 = addNode(tn2.Nodes, "node1a2a3a", nodeDict)
        tn3 = addNode(tn2.Nodes, "node1a2a3b", nodeDict)
        nodeName = tn3.FullPath ' für später merken
 
        tn2 = addNode(tn1.Nodes, "node1a2b", nodeDict)
        tn3 = addNode(tn2.Nodes, "node1a2b3a", nodeDict)
        tn3 = addNode(tn2.Nodes, "node1a2b3b", nodeDict)
 
        ' Node anhand FullPath finden und auswählen
        TreeView1.SelectedNode = nodeDict("node1a\node1a2b\node1a2b3b")
 
    End Sub

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Alle Angaben ohne Gewähr. Keine Haftung für Vorschläge, Tipps oder sonstige Hilfe, falls es schiefgeht, nur Zeit verschwendet oder man sonst nicht zufrieden ist